Read about treaty research in Basic Indian Law Research Tips -- Part 1: Federal Indian Law (2007 update).

To find out if an American Indian treaty has been abrogated or other status, see Nancy Carol Carter's article in "American Indian Law: Research and Sources," 4 Legal Reference Services Quarterly 5 (Winter, 1984/85). Carter is Professor of Law and Director of the Pardee Legal Research Center, University of San Diego School of Law

Print sources:

In addition to the Kappler book below, see: Documents of American Indian Diplomacy: Treaties, Agreements, and Conventions, 1775-1979 by Vine Deloria, Jr. and Raymond J. DeMallie,1999. It has not been digitized, but contains additional treaties, not found in Kappler's, such as (1) unratified treaties, (2) treaties between tribes and the Republic of Texas, (3) treaties between tribes and confederate states and (4) treaties between Indian nations. ID# 12470.

Online tools:

Early Recognized Treaties With American Indian Nations - (University of Nebraska, Lincoln) - Presents nine treaties that are not digitized as part of Charles J. Kappler's Indian Affairs: Laws and Treaties.

Indian Affairs: Laws and Treaties. - (Oklahoma State University) - The complete 7-volume set. Includes treaties and federal laws passed relating to Native Americans through January 13, 1971. Volume II is the treaties and executive orders volume. See also United States Statutes at Large under the library's "Federal Laws" web page.

Jay Treaty of 1794 and Associated Documents - (Yale University). Treaty between Canada and the U.S. dealing with American Indians residing in both Canada and U.S.

Native American Legal Materials Microfiche Collection Index - (Washburn University School of Law) - Index of the Law Library Microform Consortium's collection. This collection is an historical collection of laws, treaties, and law-related materials pertaining to Native Americans (American Indians, Alaska Natives, and Native Hawaiians). Provides subject and title access to bibliographic records of the documents in the collection. Documents can be requested from NILL and other libraries.

Relations between the United States and Native Americans (Yale University) An index to full-text copies of selected treaties organized by date and tribal name.

Westlaw, a fee-based service. Offers a"Federal Native American Law – Executive Documents" database, with treaties from 1787 to 1883, among other resources. The database identifier is FNAM-EXEC.

• Go to the online catalog

• Use Advanced Search to Limit by Treaties. Add Treaty or Treaties in the Title field.

If you can't find what you are looking for, contact a librarian for assistance. We'll evaluate your research strategy and/or recommend additional places to contact.